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Tambi&eacute;n aparece Su&aacute;rez esperando negociar y sacar consenso con el que venga y Felipe Gonz&aacute;lez preparando su huida y diciendo a sus colaboradores que le vuelvan a llamar Isidoro."]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"19"},["name",""]],["tag",{"tagId":"8"},["name",""]],["tag",{"tagId":"44"},["name","Iglesia"]],["tag",{"tagId":"7"},["name",""]]]],["item",{"itemId":"4995","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"1118"},["src","https://www.repositorio.historiarecienteenlaeducacion.com/files/original/52d127ad5ba37f593087c9f0d829d668.pdf"],["authentication","b405e6f28d204ba8b7fadd8ec85680ca"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"70"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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Aunque Yeltsin no ha definido con precisi&oacute;n su proyecto, de sus declaraciones se colige que no se opone a la posici&oacute;n de Ucrania de suprimir pr&aacute;cticamente el poder central y otorgar casi todo el poder pol&iacute;tico a las rep&uacute;blicas. Gorbachov, por el contrario, pretende un equilibrio entre los poderes del nuevo centro y los Estados soberanos.</p>\r\n<div id=\"elpais_gpt-INTEXT\" data-google-query-id=\"COD4_J2JmtUCFQiiUQodatUNxA\">\r\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0__container__\"><iframe id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" title=\"3rd party ad content\" name=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" data-integralas-id-4d24a76a-9660-33d7-d991-10c3bb6a4d1b=\"\"></iframe></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<p>Para definir con precisi&oacute;n una propuesta, Yeltsin inici&oacute; ayer en territorio bielorruso una reuni&oacute;n con el presidente ucranio, Leonid Kravchuk, y con el presidente del Parlamento de Bielorrusia, Stanislav Shushk&eacute;vich. Se trata de los m&aacute;ximos dirigentes de las tres rep&uacute;blicas eslavas, cuya poblaci&oacute;n conjunta se aproxima al 75% del total de la ex URRS. A las conversaciones no ha sido invitado Mija&iacute;l Gorbachov. Con su intercambio de opiniones, que proseguir&aacute; hoy, los l&iacute;deres eslavos tratar&aacute;n de acordar una posici&oacute;n com&uacute;n que ser&aacute; expuesta ma&ntilde;ana, lunes, en una nueva reuni&oacute;n en la que de nuevo participar&aacute;n los tres y el presidente de Kazajst&aacute;n, Nursult&aacute;n Nazarb&aacute;iev -todos ellos representantes de las rep&uacute;blicas nuclearizadas-. Esta vez s&iacute; asistir&aacute; Gorbachov.En el mismo discurso pronunciado ante el Parlamento bielorruso en que abog&oacute; por la alianza de las rep&uacute;blicas eslavas, Yeltsin consider&oacute; fracasada la idea de Estado confederal basado en el principio de dualidad de poder entre el centro y las rep&uacute;blicas. Cualquier intento de preservar un centro, agreg&oacute;, podr&iacute;a dar pie al renacimiento del \"sistema que nos ha conducido a un callej&oacute;n sin salida\". En su opini&oacute;n, la propuesta formulada por Gorbachov \"tiene cada vez menos partidarios en las rep&uacute;blicas y podr&iacute;a llegar el d&iacute;a que nadie se sentara en la mesa a negociar\".</p>\r\n<p>El presidente ruso, sin embargo, no formul&oacute; una propuesta concreta para articular la nueva alianza o comunidad de Estados independientes y dej&oacute; pr&aacute;cticamente en manos del ucranio Kravchuk la configuraci&oacute;n concreta del futuro pol&iacute;tico de la ex URSS. \"Lo m&aacute;s importante en estos momentos\", dijo, \"es no pedimos uno a otro aquello que es imposible\". Kravchuk ha expresado reiteradamente que su patr&oacute;n a seguir es la Comunidad Europea (CE), aunque, en este caso, al v&iacute;nculo econ&oacute;mico que ha definido fundamentalmente a la CE hasta ahora deber&iacute;a sumarse la configuraci&oacute;n de un &aacute;mbito com&uacute;n de defensa, dada la necesidad de mantener bajo un mando com&uacute;n el arsenal nuclear.</p>\r\n<p>A modo de advertencia, Yeltsin dijo que si finalmente no se llegara a establecer la alianza eslava que propone por la insistencia de Ucrania en permanecer totalmente al margen, se situar&iacute;an \"en lados opuestos de la barricada</p>\r\n<p>Tambi&eacute;n lanz&oacute; una andanada contra Gorbachov al se&ntilde;alar que \"en estos momentos realmente hist&oacute;ricos no podemos crear el p&aacute;nico o desesperamos\".</p>\r\n<p>Ante la posibilidad de que la falta de acuerdo sobre el futuro de la ex URSS dejara en el aire qui&eacute;n va a pagar a los funcionarios sovi&eacute;ticos el pr&oacute;ximo a&ntilde;o, Yeltsin ya dej&oacute; claro el s&aacute;bado que, a partir del 1 de enero, &eacute;l mismo se iba a encargar de subirles el sueldo a los militares. \"Si no existe uni&oacute;n\", precis&oacute; a la agencia Interfax, \"Rusia asumir&aacute; incondicionalmente toda la responsabilidad por el Ej&eacute;rcito\". Gorbachov efectu&oacute; ayer un relevo en la mism&iacute;sima jefatura del Estado Mayor del Ej&eacute;rcito: destituy&oacute; al general Vlad&iacute;mir L&oacute;bov y nombr&oacute; en su lugar al general V&iacute;ktor Sams&oacute;nov, el jefe de las fuerzas de San Petesburgo que cuando se produjo el golpe de agosto desobedeci&oacute; las &oacute;rdenes de Mosc&uacute; y se neg&oacute; a entrar en la ciudad.</p>\r\n<p>En su discurso ante el Parlamento bielorruso, Bor&iacute;s Yeltsin subray&oacute; tambi&eacute;n la necesidad de llevar adelante de manera conjunta e inmediata una reforma econ&oacute;mica radical y reiter&oacute; su voluntad de liberalizar los precios el pr&oacute;ximo d&iacute;a 16 de diciembre.</p>\r\n<p class=\"nota_pie\">* Este art&iacute;culo apareci&oacute; en la edici&oacute;n impresa del Domingo, 8 de diciembre de 1991</p>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"53"},["name","Enlace"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34168"},["text","<a href=\"https://elpais.com/diario/1991/12/08/internacional/692146814_850215.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://elpais.com/diario/1991/12/08/internacional/692146814_850215.html</a>"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34162"},["text","Yeltsin descarta la URSS que defiende Gorbachov"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34163"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34164"},["text","08/12/1991"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34165"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34166"},["text",""]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"1402"},["name","Boris Yeltsin"]],["tag",{"tagId":"1427"},["name",""]],["tag",{"tagId":"1407"},["name","Rusia"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"5128","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"1251"},["src","https://www.repositorio.historiarecienteenlaeducacion.com/files/original/6be0f11ab19d4406eb3b0f91de8d846b.pdf"],["authentication","d08d230b8da43aab3fdfb5ecf1eb6893"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"105"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"30791"},["text",""]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"18"},["name",""],["description",""],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"52"},["name","Texto original"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34104"},["text","<p>El presidente ruso, Bor&iacute;s Yeltsin, se mostr&oacute; ayer decidido a defender la frontera entre Tayikist&aacute;n y Afganist&aacute;n y presion&oacute; a los l&iacute;deres tayikos para que negocien con la oposici&oacute;n isl&aacute;mica con el fin de lograr una soluci&oacute;n pol&iacute;tica al conflicto armado y evitar que Rusia se vea envuelta en una nueva guerra como la de Afganist&aacute;n.</p>\r\n<div id=\"elpais_gpt-INTEXT\" data-google-query-id=\"COTMiPz_mdUCFc2xUQodNsYLsA\">\r\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0__container__\"><iframe id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" title=\"3rd party ad content\" name=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" data-integralas-id-fa3f5cb1-f416-ef6e-3ebb-b4f335e1a924=\"\"></iframe></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<p>Rusia y los pa&iacute;ses del Asia Central ex sovi&eacute;tica pidieron el apoyo de la ONU para buscar una soluci&oacute;n pol&iacute;tica del conflicto de Tayikist&aacute;n, incluyendo una reuni&oacute;n urgente del Consejo de Seguridad en la que se estudie el envi&oacute; de observadores a la zona de conflicto.Yeltsin solicit&oacute; ayer comenzar \"inmediatamente\" las negociaciones con Afganist&aacute;n, Ir&aacute;n y Pakist&aacute;n. sobre la situaci&oacute;n en Tayikist&aacute;n, y pidi&oacute; al Gobierno tayiko que no \"agrave la situaci&oacute;n\" en el Alto Badajsh&aacute;n.</p>\r\n<p>\"Se necesita reconciliaci&oacute;n y no aplastamiento\", dijo, lo que equivale a pedir el cese de la ofensiva gubernamental contra esta zona aut&oacute;noma, ubicada al Este de Tayikist&aacute;n.</p>\r\n<p>Las autoridades auton&oacute;micas, que aunque no apoyan a los l&iacute;deres de Dushanb&eacute; tampoco se han aliado con la oposici&oacute;n isl&aacute;mica que lanza ataques guerrilleros desde sus bases ubicadas en Afganist&aacute;n, afirman que contra ciertas localidades del Alto Badajsh&aacute;n se est&aacute; utilizando la aviaci&oacute;n y que la poblaci&oacute;n civil huye aterrorizada por los bombardeos. En los &uacute;ltimos d&iacute;as, unas 60 personas han muerto en la regi&oacute;n, entre ellas numerosas mujeres y ni&ntilde;os, seg&uacute;n el centro de prensa auton&oacute;mico.</p>\r\n<p>El l&iacute;der ruso intervino ayer en la cumbre celebrada en Mosc&uacute; con los presidentes de Kazajst&aacute;n, Nursult&aacute;n Nazarb&aacute;iev; de Kirguizist&aacute;n, Askar Ak&aacute;yev; de Tayikist&aacute;n, Emomal&iacute; Rajmonov; y de Uzbekist&aacute;n, Islam Kar&iacute;mov. Saparmurat Niy&aacute;zov, l&iacute;der de Turkmenist&aacute;n, la otra rep&uacute;blica centroasi&aacute;tica de la CEI, se neg&oacute; a ir a Mosc&uacute; y declar&oacute; que su pa&iacute;s \"no enviar&aacute; ni un soldado\".</p>\r\n<h3>Medidas militares</h3>\r\n<p>\"Las medidas militares no son nuestra opci&oacute;n, pero en la situaci&oacute;n actual es dif&iacute;cil evitarlas\", dijo Yeltsin al hablar de la necesidad de defender la frontera tayiko-afgana, que \"es la frontera com&uacute;n de la CEF. El presidente ruso insisti&oacute; en que el Gobierno tayiko deb&iacute;a entablar un di&aacute;logo directo con todas las facciones de la oposici&oacute;n.Los l&iacute;deres de las cuatro rep&uacute;blicas centroasi&aacute;ticas que participaron en la cumbre de Mosc&uacute; firmaron el s&aacute;bado una declaraci&oacute;n en la que se recogen muchas de las ideas expresadas por Yeltsin, concretamente, que la frontera tayiko-afgana \"es vista como parte de las fronteras comunes de la CEI\". Las cuatro rep&uacute;blicas se comprometen a enviar soldados para que se unan a los guardafronteras rusos. El documento advierte que, en caso de que contin&uacute;en los ataques desde el territorio de Afganist&aacute;n, \"se tomar&aacute;n medidas de respuesta\". Sin embargo, los l&iacute;deres de Rusia y las rep&uacute;blicas centroasi&aacute;ticas consideran que las negociaciones son \"la principal v&iacute;a\" para lograr una soluci&oacute;n al conflicto.</p>\r\n<p>Los rusos no s&oacute;lo est&aacute;n preocupados por el problema geopol&iacute;tico que significa el conflicto tayiko, sino tambi&eacute;n por el humanitario que est&aacute; creando la emigraci&oacute;n de los rusos de las rep&uacute;blicas del Asia Central. De los 300.000 rusos que viv&iacute;an en Tayikist&aacute;n, hoy s&oacute;lo quedan unos 80.000.</p>\r\n<p>Seg&uacute;n c&aacute;lculos de los expertos, unos seis millones de rus&oacute;fonos pueden emigrar de las rep&uacute;blicas centroasi&aacute;ticas de la CEI en los pr&oacute;ximos a&ntilde;os.</p>\r\n<p>Los l&iacute;deres de Kazajst&aacute;n, Rusia y Uzbekist&aacute;n decidieron adem&aacute;s crear un sistema monetario com&uacute;n.</p>\r\n<p class=\"nota_pie\">* Este art&iacute;culo apareci&oacute; en la edici&oacute;n impresa del Domingo, 8 de agosto de 1993</p>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"53"},["name","Enlace"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34105"},["text","<a href=\"https://elpais.com/diario/1993/08/08/internacional/744760812_850215.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://elpais.com/diario/1993/08/08/internacional/744760812_850215.html</a>"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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