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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"32216"},["text",""]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"18"},["name",""],["description",""],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"52"},["name","Texto original"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33335"},["text","<p>El 8 de febrero, en la mesa de operaciones de un hospital de Homs asediado por las fuerzas del presidente Assad, yace un ni&ntilde;o de 2 a&ntilde;os. Est&aacute; muerto. Un ob&uacute;s del ej&eacute;rcito cay&oacute; en la casa en la que viv&iacute;a con sus padres. \"&iquest;A qu&eacute; espera la ONU? &iquest;A que todos los ni&ntilde;os y las mujeres del pueblo mueran?\". El [activista anti-Assad] brit&aacute;nico de origen sirio Danny Abdul Dayem comenta esas impactantes im&aacute;genes difundidas a trav&eacute;s&nbsp;<a title=\"Opens in new window\" href=\"http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/02/10/filming_homss_horrors\" target=\"_blank\">de un video de YouTube</a>.</p>\r\n<p>\"Cad&aacute;veres sobre la calzada, pedazos de personas desperdigados par todos lados. &iquest;Por qu&eacute; nadie nos ayuda? &iquest;D&oacute;nde est&aacute; la humanidad de la gente? &iquest;D&oacute;nde demonios est&aacute; la ONU?\", se pregunta desesperadamente. Tras 11 meses, las fuerzas de Bachar al Assad reprimen con una gran eficacia las manifestaciones ciudadanas. El n&uacute;mero de v&iacute;ctimas civiles supera ya las 5 000.</p>\r\n<h4>No hay fronteras delimitadas entre ambos bandos</h4>\r\n<p>Y sin embargo, Rusia y China han vetado una reciente resoluci&oacute;n del Consejo de Seguridad de la ONU que exig&iacute;a el cese inmediato de la violencia. La opini&oacute;n p&uacute;blica internacional se muestra cada vez m&aacute;s dividida entre dos posturas. Por un lado, los partidarios de una intervenci&oacute;n internacional seg&uacute;n la doctrina de la responsabilidad de proteger (&ldquo;responsability to protect&rdquo;, R2P), adoptada en 2005 por la Asamblea General de la ONU.</p>\r\n<p>Esa doctrina permite que la comunidad internacional intervenga, empleando medios pac&iacute;ficos y militares, cuando bajo la soberan&iacute;a nacional el Gobierno de un Estado comete cr&iacute;menes contra la humanidad. En el caso de Siria, eso significar&iacute;a que la Liga &Aacute;rabe y Turqu&iacute;a, con el apoyo de la OTAN, crear&iacute;an una zona tap&oacute;n liberada de las fuerzas gubernamentales para proteger a los rebeldes.</p>\r\n<div class=\"bodyad\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-2732273183513357\" data-ad-slot=\"3154634823\" data-adsbygoogle-status=\"done\"><ins id=\"aswift_0_expand\"><ins id=\"aswift_0_anchor\"><iframe id=\"aswift_0\" name=\"aswift_0\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"336\" height=\"280\"></iframe></ins></ins></ins></div>\r\n<p>Por otro lado, est&aacute;n los prudentes. Ellos aluden a que Siria no es como Libia y que las condiciones sobre el terreno que han hecho posible que las operaciones de la OTAN hayan tenido &eacute;xito no se dan en este caso. La oposici&oacute;n siria es mucho m&aacute;s fr&aacute;gil y est&aacute; fragmentada.</p>\r\n<p>No hay \"fronteras\" bien delimitadas entre ambos bandos, que las fuerzas a&eacute;reas puedan asegurar, tal y como ocurri&oacute; en Bengasi. Y que las ejecuciones en Siria tengan lugar en zonas urbanas densamente pobladas complica a&uacute;n m&aacute;s las cosas.</p>\r\n<h4>&iquest;Qui&eacute;n quiere apoyar una intervenci&oacute;n en el mundo &aacute;rabe?</h4>\r\n<p>Pero &iquest;qui&eacute;n en Occidente trata todav&iacute;a de apoyar una nueva intervenci&oacute;n en el mundo &aacute;rabe? Cuando se produjo en Libia, el debate sobre el hundimiento del euro parec&iacute;a todav&iacute;a algo de ciencia ficci&oacute;n. Sin embargo es muy real. Adem&aacute;s, es poco probable que en un a&ntilde;o electoral, con econom&iacute;as nacionales fr&aacute;giles, los l&iacute;deres de Estados Unidos y de Francia demuestren el mismo entusiasmo.</p>\r\n<p>Adem&aacute;s,&nbsp;<a href=\"http://www.voxeurop.eu/es/content/article/882521-europa-supera-la-prueba-de-fuego\">la entente cordial franco-brit&aacute;nica</a>&nbsp;parece haberse evaporado tras&nbsp;<a href=\"http://www.voxeurop.eu/es/content/article/1294411-francia-defiende-su-agricultura-y-reino-unido-sus-bancos\">la apocal&iacute;ptica cumbre europea de diciembre</a>, cuando ante la presi&oacute;n del aliado franc&eacute;s, la \"City de Londres\" se vio obligada a saltar del tren de la integraci&oacute;n. &iquest;Habr&aacute; recuperado Alemania su vocaci&oacute;n intervencionista? Eso constituir&iacute;a sin duda alguna la sorpresa del a&ntilde;o.</p>\r\n<p>Estos &uacute;ltimos meses, Rusia ha sido el defensor m&aacute;s agresivo de los intereses del r&eacute;gimen de Assad frente a todo el mundo. \"Puede que se deba a que Siria alberga la &uacute;nica basa militar naval rusa fuera del espacio sovi&eacute;tico, en Tartus\", resume&nbsp;<a title=\"Opens in new window\" href=\"http://daviscenter.fas.harvard.edu/people/bio_gorenburg.html\" target=\"_blank\">Dmitry Gorenburg</a>, del Davis Center de Harvard.</p>\r\n<p>Una pica rusa en Oriente Medio, esencialmente para el avituallamiento de los buques rusos que navegan por el Mediterr&aacute;neo. Y los cr&iacute;menes contra los derechos humanos no han desalentado a Rusia a la hora de abastecer de armas a Siria: en 2010, Damasco compr&oacute; casi un 6% del total de ventas de armas rusas. Las inversiones de las empresas rusas para extraer gas natural en Siria ascienden a 20.000 millones de d&oacute;lares.</p>\r\n<p>En definitiva, que una chispa siria podr&iacute;a prender todo el barril de p&oacute;lvora regional, al exportar la guerra civil a L&iacute;bano, a Jordania y a Irak. E Irak es un recuerdo todav&iacute;a muy presente como para mantener a los estadounidenses alejados de una nueva incursi&oacute;n en Levante.</p>\r\n<p class=\"ctafeedback\">Factual or translation error?&nbsp;<a class=\"strong\" href=\"http://www.voxeurop.eu/es/contact?nid=1517421&amp;destination=%2Fes%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F1517421-nadie-mueve-un-dedo-para-atrapar-assad\">Tell us</a>.</p>\r\n<div class=\"article-box-header\">\r\n<div class=\"strapline\">DIPLOMACIA EUROPEA</div>\r\n<h2>Ashton toca fondo</h2>\r\n</div>\r\n<p>Cegada por la crisis de la deuda, Europa es incapaz de reaccionar ante la situaci&oacute;n en Siria. Es la &uacute;ltima prueba del &ldquo;fracaso de la pol&iacute;tica exterior europea, en teor&iacute;a reforzada con el Tratado de Lisboa&rdquo;,&nbsp;<a title=\"Opens in new window\" href=\"http://www.abcdesevilla.es/20120210/internacional/sevp-ashton-toca-fondo-20120210.html\" target=\"_blank\">afirma</a>&nbsp;en el diario ABC Jos&eacute; Mar&iacute;a de Areilza. En su opini&oacute;n,</p>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<p>la primavera &aacute;rabe ofrece varios estudios de caso sobre la ineficacia creciente de la acci&oacute;n europea, apoyada en un poder de atracci&oacute;n o &laquo;soft power&raquo; que no funciona ante las matanzas libias o la guerra civil en Siria.</p>\r\n</blockquote>\r\n<p>Areliza critica en concreto el papel de Catherine Ashton. Sostiene que la Alta Representante para Asuntos Exteriores de la UE</p>\r\n<blockquote>\r\n<p>ha tocado fondo, lo que parec&iacute;a dif&iacute;cil. Lo ha conseguido al negociar un acuerdo en el que las acciones de su servicio exterior quedan subordinadas a las autorizaciones burocr&aacute;ticas de los tres comisarios que compiten abiertamente con ella en el seno del ejecutivo europeo</p>\r\n</blockquote>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"53"},["name","Enlace"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33336"},["text","<a href=\"http://www.voxeurop.eu/es/content/article/1517421-nadie-mueve-un-dedo-para-atrapar-assad\" target=\"_blank\">http://www.voxeurop.eu/es/content/article/1517421-nadie-mueve-un-dedo-para-atrapar-assad</a>"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"27365"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"27367"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"27369"},["text",""]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"27371"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"27370"},["text","2005"]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"516"},["name","Dictadura militar"]],["tag",{"tagId":"69"},["name","Literatura"]],["tag",{"tagId":"51"},["name","Teatro"]],["tag",{"tagId":"477"},["name","Tortura"]]]],["item",{"itemId":"5132","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"1255"},["src","https://www.repositorio.historiarecienteenlaeducacion.com/files/original/f918826a537549bffd3adb981dcc7889.pdf"],["authentication","30f0caadf510b7a9d44a2347775ac6dd"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"87"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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Por su parte, Bor&iacute;s Yeltsin acus&oacute; ayer al Gobierno central de forzar la firma del Tratado de la Uni&oacute;n en un discurso ante el Parlamento ruso.En una curiosa conferencia de prensa, Nazarbaiev, un en&eacute;rgico kazajo con puntos de vista muy cr&iacute;ticos hacia Ia Administraci&oacute;n central, calific&oacute; de \"deformaci&oacute;n de la verdad\" y \"tendenciosa\" una informaci&oacute;n del diario&nbsp;<em>Izvestia,</em>&nbsp;seg&uacute;n la cual Gorbachov le ha propuesto la vicepresidencia del Estado. Este es uno de los cargos que deber&aacute; ser ratificado por el Congreso de los Diputados Populares de la URSS, que se re&uacute;ne el 17 de diciembre.</p>\r\n<div id=\"elpais_gpt-INTEXT\" data-google-query-id=\"CPLKpcyCmtUCFS6IUQodvAAG3w\">\r\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0__container__\"><iframe id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" title=\"3rd party ad content\" name=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" data-integralas-id-c3e6942d-8a06-dba2-91d2-d1b4ac69e753=\"\"></iframe></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<p>El corresponsal de&nbsp;<em>Izvestia</em>&nbsp;en Kazajst&aacute;n tuvo acceso a una sesi&oacute;n cerrada del Parlamento de aquella rep&uacute;blica en la que Nazarbaiev consult&oacute; a los diputados sobre el ofrecimiento de la vicepresidencia de la URSS efectuado por Gorbachov. 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Ser&iacute;a un \"error imperdonable\", dijo, que las rep&uacute;blicas que no han logrado tomar una decisi&oacute;n o no han visto consideradas sus leg&iacute;timas exigencias se quedaran fuera de la Uni&oacute;n Sovi&eacute;tica \"por precipitaci&oacute;n\".</p>\r\n<p class=\"nota_pie\">* Este art&iacute;culo apareci&oacute; en la edici&oacute;n impresa del Mi&eacute;rcoles, 12 de diciembre de 1990</p>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"53"},["name","Enlace"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34133"},["text","<a href=\"https://elpais.com/diario/1990/12/12/internacional/660956423_850215.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://elpais.com/diario/1990/12/12/internacional/660956423_850215.html</a>"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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