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For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"9311"},["text","Apuntes de un condenado por el 23-F\n"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"9312"},["text","2006"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"9314"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"9316"},["text",""]],["elementText",{"elementTextId":"9317"},["text",""]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"20"},["name","23-F"]],["tag",{"tagId":"154"},["name","Memorias"]],["tag",{"tagId":"225"},["name","Servicios secretos"]],["tag",{"tagId":"7"},["name",""]]]],["item",{"itemId":"5077","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"1200"},["src","https://www.repositorio.historiarecienteenlaeducacion.com/files/original/2504ad478eb381ec1ee943ed6b5f90ca.pdf"],["authentication","283ea7f35d15786a5a8c297558ef95d9"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"116"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"32216"},["text",""]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"18"},["name",""],["description",""],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"52"},["name","Texto original"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33778"},["text","<p>Francia no lo vio venir en T&uacute;nez y EE UU tampoco pudo imaginar lo que se avecinaba en Egipto. &iquest;Le ocurrir&aacute; a Espa&ntilde;a lo mismo con Marruecos y tendr&aacute; que lamentarse a posteriori de haber ignorado las se&ntilde;ales que apuntaban a lo que finalmente terminar&iacute;a ocurriendo? Siendo honestos, no lo sabemos. Lo que s&iacute; que sabemos es que la combinaci&oacute;n de altas temperaturas, sequedad del aire y viento elevado incrementan sustancialmente la probabilidad de un incendio. En el caso de Marruecos, desconocemos si el intento de movilizaci&oacute;n popular convocado para el d&iacute;a 20 de febrero v&iacute;a las redes sociales lograr&aacute; sus objetivos. Pero s&iacute; que sabemos que muchos de los elementos que han desencadenado las revoluciones de T&uacute;nez y Egipto est&aacute;n presentes y que las demandas de los j&oacute;venes marroqu&iacute;es que lo animan son muy similares.</p>\r\n<a name=\"sumario_2\"></a>\r\n<div class=\"sumario__interior\">\r\n<div class=\"sumario-texto\">\r\n<p class=\"texto_grande\">T&uacute;nez y Egipto representan una buena oportunidad para que la UE impulse las reformas en Rabat</p>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<a name=\"sumario_3\"></a>\r\n<div class=\"sumario__interior\">\r\n<h3 class=\"sumario-titulo\"><span class=\"sin_enlace\">M&Aacute;S INFORMACI&Oacute;N</span></h3>\r\n<div class=\"sumario-texto\">\r\n<div class=\"apoyos\">\r\n<ul class=\"apoyos-listado\">\r\n<li class=\"apoyo_normal apoyo_sinfoto\"><span class=\"apoyo-titulo\"><a href=\"https://elpais.com/diario/2011/02/11/internacional/1297378814_850215.html\">Tahrir sigue vigilante</a></span></li>\r\n<li class=\"apoyo_normal apoyo_sinfoto\"><span class=\"apoyo-titulo\"><a href=\"https://elpais.com/internacional/2011/02/11/actualidad/1297378803_850215.html\">Mubarak desaf&iacute;a al pueblo egipcio</a></span></li>\r\n<li class=\"apoyo_normal apoyo_sinfoto\"><span class=\"apoyo-titulo\"><a href=\"https://elpais.com/diario/2011/02/11/internacional/1297378810_850215.html\">Un esp&iacute;a, el hombre fuerte</a></span></li>\r\n</ul>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div id=\"elpais_gpt-INTEXT\" data-google-query-id=\"CK7A-rinldUCFV6MUQodP5UARQ\">\r\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0__container__\"><iframe id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" title=\"3rd party ad content\" name=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/diario/intext_0\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" data-integralas-id-e91bec5c-348a-eaa7-4b3d-0be538af5ffc=\"\"></iframe></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<p>Primero, la temperatura. La poblaci&oacute;n marroqu&iacute; es igual de joven (casi un tercio del total son j&oacute;venes entre 15 y 29 a&ntilde;os) y sufre una tasa de desempleo igualmente masiva. De hecho, en Marruecos los j&oacute;venes representan el 82% de todo el desempleo (cuando en T&uacute;nez y Egipto eran el 56% y 73%, respectivamente). Y al igual que en los otros dos pa&iacute;ses, el paro se ceba en los j&oacute;venes con estudios secundarios (m&aacute;s de la mitad de los cuales, el 58%, se encuentran en paro).</p>\r\n<p>A los datos objetivos, que muestran el elevado coste de la vida en Marruecos, se suman las percepciones subjetivas: en la &uacute;ltima encuesta realizada por el Instituto Gallup, el 80% de los marroqu&iacute;es se mostraban frustrados por las dificultades que experimentan diariamente para salir adelante, lo que situaba a Marruecos en la posici&oacute;n 119, por debajo de Argelia (86), T&uacute;nez (97) y Egipto (116). Parece, por tanto, que el crecimiento econ&oacute;mico de los &uacute;ltimos a&ntilde;os no se ha filtrado de manera que alcance a los j&oacute;venes: mientras que el sector p&uacute;blico ya est&aacute; inflado y no absorbe m&aacute;s empleo, el sector privado no tiene capacidad de dar salida a los j&oacute;venes educados que se incorporan al mercado de trabajo. Y seg&uacute;n los datos disponibles, esos j&oacute;venes tienen el mismo nivel de acceso a Internet que sus colegas tunecinos y egipcios. As&iacute; pues, sequedad del aire.</p>\r\n<p>A la falta de expectativas hay que a&ntilde;adir la corrupci&oacute;n, que a&ntilde;ade combustible al descontento. Si ya todos los indicadores internacionales sit&uacute;an a Marruecos en posiciones preocupantes (incluso peor que T&uacute;nez), los telegramas de la Embajada de EE UU en Rabat filtrados por Wikileaks ponen de manifiesto hasta qu&eacute; punto esa corrupci&oacute;n est&aacute; extendida y se practica con toda impunidad debido a que el monarca, la casa real y sus aleda&ntilde;os son sus primeros agentes. Seg&uacute;n la revista&nbsp;<em>Forbes,</em>&nbsp;los negocios bancarios, aseguradores, inmobiliarios, de telecomunicaciones, mineros y agr&iacute;colas de Mohamed VI le han llevado a convertirse, con solo 45 a&ntilde;os, en el s&eacute;ptimo monarca m&aacute;s rico del mundo, con un patrimonio personal estimado en 2.500 millones de d&oacute;lares. Que el autodenominado \"rey de los pobres\" haya logrado duplicar su patrimonio en un contexto de crisis econ&oacute;mica global es un dudoso honor. Pero si adem&aacute;s tiene lugar en un pa&iacute;s con un PIB por habitante de 4.773 d&oacute;lares (sensiblemente inferior al de Egipto y T&uacute;nez), un 40% por ciento de analfabetismo y un tercio de la poblaci&oacute;n viviendo bajo el umbral de la pobreza, tal nivel de avaricia resulta una insensatez que sin duda socava la legitimidad y la estabilidad del r&eacute;gimen. Cierto que en Marruecos se celebran elecciones regularmente y que hay alternancia pol&iacute;tica, pero, una vez m&aacute;s, todos los indicadores sobre libertad de prensa e independencia del poder judicial ponen de reflejo hasta qu&eacute; punto los marroqu&iacute;es disfrutan de una libertad sumamente limitada y tutelada. La reciente creaci&oacute;n, por inspiraci&oacute;n real, del partido Autenticidad y Modernidad muestra que la apuesta del monarca est&aacute; lejos de ser la reforma pol&iacute;tica, sino m&aacute;s bien la institucionalizaci&oacute;n del poder pol&iacute;tico y econ&oacute;mico de una reducida &eacute;lite.</p>\r\n<p>Los acontecimientos en T&uacute;nez y Egipto representan una buena oportunidad para que la UE impulse las reformas en Marruecos. \"La mejor protecci&oacute;n para nuestra seguridad es un mundo de Estados democr&aacute;ticos bien gobernados. El mejor medio para consolidar el orden internacional es difundir el buen gobierno, apoyar las reformas pol&iacute;ticas y sociales, combatir la corrupci&oacute;n y el abuso de poder, instaurar la supremac&iacute;a de la ley y proteger los derechos humanos\". Cita literal de la Estrategia Europea de Seguridad de 2003 redactada por Javier Solana que los Gobiernos de los 27 firmaron, aparentemente sin haberla le&iacute;do.&nbsp;<em>jitorreblanca@ecfr.eu</em></p>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"53"},["name","Enlace"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33779"},["text","<a href=\"https://elpais.com/diario/2011/02/11/internacional/1297378815_850215.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://elpais.com/diario/2011/02/11/internacional/1297378815_850215.html</a>"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33773"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33774"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33775"},["text","11/02/2011"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33776"},["text",""]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"33777"},["text",""]]]]]]],["tagContainer",["tag",{"tagId":"559"},["name","Marruecos"]],["tag",{"tagId":"1460"},["name",""]]]],["item",{"itemId":"5172","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"1294"},["src","https://www.repositorio.historiarecienteenlaeducacion.com/files/original/90deefdd50bf2ee56a4c80414424c0ab.pdf"],["authentication","4a7f30bf259d5d96665c75b5ababbb7b"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"70"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"28974"},["text",""]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"18"},["name",""],["description",""],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"52"},["name","Texto original"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34397"},["text","<br /><img src=\"https://ep01.epimg.net/elpais/imagenes/2016/10/19/opinion/1476886069_846397_1476892294_noticia_normal.jpg\" alt=\"Una escena de &quot;La vida de Brian&quot;, de Monty Python.\" width=\"980\" height=\"550\" /><span class=\"foto-texto\">Una escena de \"La vida de Brian\", de Monty Python.</span>&nbsp;<span class=\"foto-firma\">FOTO DE PROMOCI&Oacute;N</span>\r\n<div id=\"cuerpo_noticia\" class=\"articulo-cuerpo\">\r\n<p>Recordar&aacute;n la escena de&nbsp;<em>La vida de Brian</em>&nbsp;(1979) en la que la insurgencia jud&iacute;a, agrupada en frentes de liberaci&oacute;n con el mismo objetivo y casi id&eacute;ntico nombre pero con diferencias insalvables entre s&iacute;, debat&iacute;a sobre lo que los romanos hab&iacute;a hecho por Judea, para acabar descubriendo que &ldquo;solo&rdquo; hab&iacute;an tra&iacute;do el acueducto, el alcantarillado, las carreteras, la educaci&oacute;n, la seguridad ciudadana y la paz.</p>\r\n<div id=\"elpais_gpt-INTEXT\" data-google-query-id=\"CKjE2Lf7o9UCFU6tUQodxaIIZQ\">\r\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/opinion/intext_0__container__\"><iframe id=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/opinion/intext_0\" title=\"3rd party ad content\" name=\"google_ads_iframe_/7811748/elpais_web/opinion/intext_0\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" data-integralas-id-ed16b9e1-8dca-2977-9720-9398ba49928b=\"\"></iframe></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<p>Algo parecido nos pasa con la globalizaci&oacute;n. Y no solo con la romana, que por suerte no pas&oacute; de largo (&iquest;se imaginan que fu&eacute;ramos todav&iacute;a celtas o &iacute;beros?), sino de todas las dem&aacute;s. Pongan a las mil y pico organizaciones de variopinto nombre que convocan manifestaciones d&iacute;a s&iacute; y d&iacute;a no contra el TTIP con EE&nbsp;UU o el Tratado CETA con Canad&aacute; a debatir sobre qu&eacute; nos ha tra&iacute;do la globalizaci&oacute;n y ver&aacute;n que Espa&ntilde;a es uno de los pa&iacute;ses que m&aacute;s se ha beneficiado de ella.</p>\r\n<p>Porque es gracias a ese odiado FMI y su ayuda con el plan de estabilizaci&oacute;n de 1959 que Espa&ntilde;a pudo superar el&nbsp;<em>shock</em>&nbsp;econ&oacute;mico de la Guerra Civil, dejar atr&aacute;s la autarqu&iacute;a, abrirse al mundo y conocer un periodo de desarrollo econ&oacute;mico sin igual (de hecho, Espa&ntilde;a convergi&oacute; m&aacute;s con Europa entre 1959 y 1973 que en los 20 a&ntilde;os que siguieron a la adhesi&oacute;n a la UE en 1986).</p>\r\n<p>De aquella maligna semilla plantada por los tecn&oacute;cratas salieron el fin de una econom&iacute;a agraria y el comienzo de una industrial, la urbanizaci&oacute;n de nuestras ciudades, las clases medias, la alfabetizaci&oacute;n, la emancipaci&oacute;n de la mujer, el turismo y las inversiones extranjeras, es decir, todo aquello que luego hizo posible una democracia.</p>\r\n<p>&iquest;Y qu&eacute; decir de la UE, la mini globalizaci&oacute;n europea, denostada como &ldquo;fase superior del capitalismo&rdquo; y antesala de la depauperizaci&oacute;n final del proletariado? Pues que nos ha dado, se pongan como se pongan los insurgentes, otros 20 a&ntilde;os de bienestar econ&oacute;mico y social. Por fortuna, existe un orden internacional econ&oacute;mico libre y abierto en el que Espa&ntilde;a puede participar: sobre &eacute;l se sostiene nuestro bienestar. Facebook, iPhones, Internet, Ryanair, coches el&eacute;ctricos, Pixar. &iexcl;Qu&eacute; ideas m&aacute;s buenas tienen los romanos! @jitorreblanca</p>\r\n</div>"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"53"},["name","Enlace"],["description"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"34398"},["text","<a href=\"https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/10/19/opinion/1476886069_846397.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://elpais.com/elpais/2016/10/19/opinion/1476886069_846397.html</a>"]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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